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At the same time, blank counts from the pixel columns to the left are shifted into the illuminated column, effectively clearing it, and data in the shift register is read into an array in the computer memory. At the end of every 300- μs interval, accumulated intensity data in the illuminated column of pixels is advanced rightward column-by-column toward the shift register. (Between the illuminated columns and the shift register, there may be intermediate columns but these are not shown.) The (progressive scan) camera is operated in its normal readout mode, except with the camera shutter always open. The CCD array readout shift register is represented by the column of pixels at the extreme right. The dashed outline rectangle represents the column of the CCD array that is constantly exposed to the scattered light. The other columns of the CCD camera array are not illuminated. The slit excludes out-of-focus light and creates a well-defined focused line of scattered illumination that gets mapped onto a single column of the CCD camera array. ( b) Detail of the imaging on the CCD array, with lenses omitted from the drawing. Therefore, the image of the slit is reasonably sharp. The resolution limit of the slit image cast upon the CCD camera was calculated to be on the order of one-quarter of the width of a column of pixels. A lens ( L) reimages the slit onto the face of a CCD camera without additional magnification. A 32×, 0.4 NA objective gathers the scattered light from the sample and focuses it onto a 5- μm-wide slit placed in the image plane and oriented in the direction of the illumination stripe. A motorized stage controls the motion of the sample and the sample is moved in the x direction only (normal to the page plane). ( a) A cylindrical lens focuses the beam from a He-Ne laser to create a thin stripe of illumination (oriented in the page plane here) on the sample.
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